Holiday Calendar

Early May Bank Holiday

Next celebratedMonday, May 3, 2027

Every year the Sovereign signs a proclamation that brings the first Monday in May into being as a bank holiday in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Scotland's is simply written into the statute.

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YEARLY DATEFirst Monday in May
OBSERVED INUnited Kingdom
CATEGORYFederal
ORIGIN

Government Proclamation

FOUNDING ENTITY
HM Government
FIRST OBSERVED
1978
Section 1(3): the Sovereign may 'appoint a special day to be ... a bank holiday under this Act.'
HOW THE HOLIDAY CAME TO BE

Announced by one government, renewed by the Crown every year.

HM Government announced in 1976 that a May Day bank holiday would be introduced from 1978, and the first one fell on Monday 1 May 1978. An announcement of 28 July 1977 set the day as the first Monday in May from 1979 onward, except in Scotland, where the last Monday in May was designated instead.

See the official UK datesvia GOV.UK (UK Government)
INTRO

The May holiday MPs kept trying to abolish

In England and Wales the Early May bank holiday is not in the statute that lists the bank holidays. Schedule 1 to the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 names Easter Monday, the last Monday in May, the last Monday in August and two days in December. The first Monday in May appears only in Scotland's paragraph.

So the day has to be brought into existence again each year. Section 1(3) of the same Act lets the Sovereign appoint a special day to be a bank holiday, and that is the route England, Wales and Northern Ireland take. The proclamation appointing Monday 3 May 2027 was signed at Buckingham Palace on 8 July 2026.

That does not make it a lesser holiday. The same subsection says a day appointed that way is a bank holiday under this Act. It is a real bank holiday with no permanent home in the schedule.

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ORIGINS

Early May Bank Holiday history

INTRODUCTION

Scotland already had the first Monday in May. It sits in Schedule 1 to the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which replaced the Bank Holidays Act 1871.

England and Wales had no May holiday there before the last Monday of the month, and Northern Ireland's list read the same. When a May Day holiday arrived for all three, none of the lists changed.

CHAPTER 01

Argued over within eight days

The Government's 1976 announcement took effect on Monday 1 May 1978. Eight days later Viscount Davidson asked the Lords who had decided on a public holiday on 1 May, and whether it had been wise. He suggested the public saw a Government imposing its political ideology, since 1 May is Labour Day.

Baroness Emmet of Amberley told the House it was not actually a bank holiday, because bank holidays must go through a parliamentary procedure. Lord Wallace of Coslany, for the Government, agreed that it was a public holiday. Section 1(3) says otherwise: an appointed day is a bank holiday under the Act.

CHAPTER 02

Bills to get rid of it

Hansard's record of the phrase May Day bank holiday carries four Commons attempts under the Ten Minute Rule to abolish or move the day, three of them pushed to a division. Robert Atkins opened the run, asking the House to substitute St George's Day. He lost the division on 29 June 1982.

In 1987 Stefan Terlezki asked leave to discontinue the holiday for a Sir Winston Churchill National Day. The House gave him his Bill, and it never became law. David Atkinson told the Commons in 1995 that a general election three months later was the reason, then lost his own attempt.

CHAPTER 03

The government looked again

In December 1992 the employment minister Michael Forsyth announced a consultation on the holiday's future in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, the three nations where it rests on a proclamation. He called it the May Day socialist holiday. Any change could have taken effect from 1995, and none did.

In 2011 the Department for Culture, Media and Sport printed a table of how each UK bank holiday is established in law. Its row for the first Monday in May reads: "Royal Proclamation in England and Wales and Northern Ireland. Banking and Financial Dealing Act 1971 in Scotland." The department wondering whether to move the day had written the answer down itself.

TIMELINE

Timeline

A new Act, three separate lists

The Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 replaces the Bank Holidays Act 1871 and sets out bank holidays for each UK nation in Schedule 1.

A May holiday is announced

The Government says a May Day bank holiday will be introduced from 1978.

The first one, on 1 May

The first May Day bank holiday falls on Monday 1 May 1978, and is questioned in the Lords eight days later.

A Churchill day wins its Commons vote

The Commons votes for a Bill to discontinue the holiday in favour of a Sir Winston Churchill National Day, which never becomes law.

England and Wales lose the day

The holiday is proclaimed for 8 May to mark the 50th anniversary of VE Day, while Scotland keeps its statutory first Monday and gains 8 May as well.

A consultation on moving it

The Department for Culture, Media and Sport asks whether to replace the holiday with an October UK Day or Trafalgar Day, or with the patron saints' days.

GOOD TO KNOW

Surprising facts about Early May bank holiday

New Year's Day rides in on the same paper

It is missing from the England and Wales schedule too, so the annual proclamation that appoints the first Monday in May appoints 1 January as well.

Schedule 1 has been amended exactly once

The only change recorded to the list inserted words into Scotland's paragraph, under the St Andrews Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007. The first Monday in May has never been added to the England and Wales paragraph.

Moving the day in 2020 took two proclamations

One covered England, Wales and Northern Ireland; Scotland needed its own. Both were made at Buckingham Palace on 10 July 2019 to shift the holiday to Friday 8 May 2020, and GOV.UK still titles that year's entry Early May bank holiday (VE day).

An abolition motion was pulled before it was moved

On 26 May 1982 the Speaker told the Commons that Robert Atkins did not wish to introduce his Ten Minute Rule motion, in view of the statement that was made to the House by the Secretary of State for Defence.

Asked twice, the Government gave the identical answer

In April 1988 and again in February 1989 ministers told the Lords that the Government was reviewing the position of the May Day bank holiday, that no decision had yet been made, and that it was looking at a wide range of options. In March 1989 the review was still with the Department of Employment.

BY THE NUMBERS

Early May bank holiday by the Numbers

125 ayes, 148 noes
1982 vote to scrap it for St George's Day, defeated
160 ayes, 80 noes
1987 vote to scrap it for a Churchill day, carried but never law
79 ayes, 155 noes
1995 vote to scrap it for a VE Day holiday, defeated
7 of 49
Years since 1978 when 1 May was a Monday
The United States, which I understand is not Communist, of course instituted Labour Day many years ago. In addition the Christian Church, above all people, have for many centuries celebrated the 1st May as the Feast of St. Joseph the Worker; so we are in very respectable company.
Lord Wallace of CoslanyAnswering for the Government, House of Lords, 9 May 1978
Under which charter can the people of Wales and England complain on this glorious spring day because they have been denied their traditional May day bank holiday, which is being enjoyed by the lucky people in Scotland? When will the Government stop mucking about with May day?
Paul FlynnMP, House of Commons, Monday 1 May 1995, when England and Wales had no holiday and Scotland did

WHY THIS DAY MATTERS

Why Early May bank holiday Matters

WORK

There is no automatic right to time off on these days.

The department that reviewed the holiday in 2011 put it plainly in its own document: "There is no automatic right to time off on these days." Whether the first Monday in May is free, and whether it is paid, is settled by an employment contract rather than by the proclamation.

NATIONS

The two May holidays swap legal routes

The same DCMS table gives the spring bank holiday, the last Monday in May, as statute in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and royal proclamation in Scotland. The two May Mondays are held up by opposite instruments in the same country.

ECONOMY

The case for moving it was about clustering

DCMS singled out this holiday because a late Easter can put three bank holidays in the space of a short amount of time, with another at the end of May. The document said that concentration "will have an effect on the economy."

GET INVOLVED

How to Observe Early May bank holiday

EDITOR'S PICK

Look up the date for the years ahead

GOV.UK publishes the Early May bank holiday for England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland through 2028. All three divisions carry the same title and the same date.

FOLLOW

Follow the proclamation that creates next year's day

In England, Wales and Northern Ireland each year's holiday is appointed by a royal proclamation published in The Gazette. It appears roughly ten months before the day itself.

OPEN

Open the schedule and find your nation's list

The statute sets out a separate list for each nation. There are three of them, one for England and Wales, one for Scotland and one for Northern Ireland, and they do not match.

READ

Read the debate that followed the first one

The Lords question of 9 May 1978 carries the Government's own account of how the day came about, along with the objections to it. Hansard publishes the full text of the exchange.

CHECK

Check what your own contract says

A bank holiday does not by itself hand anyone the day off. Read your own terms before assuming the first Monday in May is yours.

Test your knowledge

How well do you know Early May Bank Holiday?

1 / 8

Which UK nation has the first Monday in May written into the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971?

Answer

Yes. It is a bank holiday in all four nations of the United Kingdom, but by two different legal routes: statute in Scotland, and royal proclamation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

COLOPHON

Sources

How we know what’s on this page. References, not endorsements.

15sources
15primary records
14independently dated
The National Archives2026
Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, Schedule 1
The statutory list of bank holidays, set out separately for each UK nation.
View source
The National Archives2026
Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, section 1
The two proclamation powers: substituting a scheduled day, and appointing a special one.
View source
The Gazette2026-07
Proclamation appointing bank holidays for 2027, notice 5165642
The proclamation appointing Monday 3 May 2027 a bank holiday in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
View source
The Gazette2019-07
Proclamation appointing 8 May 2020 as a bank holiday, notice 3326938
The instrument moving the 2020 holiday to Friday 8 May 2020 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
View source
The Gazette2019-07
Proclamation appointing 8 May 2020 as a bank holiday in Scotland, notice 3330529
Scotland's own separate instrument for the same move, issued the same day.
View source
Department for Culture, Media and Sport2011-05
Pre-Consultation on moving the May Day Bank Holiday (PDF)
The department's table of how each UK bank holiday is established in law.
View source
GOV.UK2011-05
Pre-consultation on moving the May Day Bank Holiday
The 2011 government exercise on choosing a new date and occasion for the holiday.
View source
GOV.UK
UK bank holidays, machine-readable file
Official dates for all three UK divisions, covering 2019 to 2028.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1978-05-09
May Day Public Holiday, House of Lords, 9 May 1978
The Government's account of how the holiday came about, and the objections raised to it.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1982-06-29
May Day Bank Holiday (Amendment), House of Commons, 29 June 1982
Robert Atkins's motion to substitute St George's Day, the reply against it, and the division.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1982-05-26
May Day Bank Holiday (Amendment), House of Commons, 26 May 1982
The Speaker telling the House the Ten Minute Rule motion would not be introduced.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1987-03-24
Sir Winston Churchill National Day, House of Commons, 24 March 1987
Stefan Terlezki's Bill to discontinue the holiday, the opposition to it, and the division.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1995-07-05
Peace and Freedom Day, House of Commons, 5 July 1995
David Atkinson's Bill for a VE Day holiday, his account of the 1987 vote, and the division.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1995-05-01
Citizens Charters, House of Commons, 1 May 1995
Paul Flynn asking why England and Wales were at work while Scotland had the day off.
View source
UK Parliament (Hansard)1992-12-01
Bank Holidays, House of Commons, 1 December 1992
Michael Forsyth announcing a consultation document on the holiday's future.
View source
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